高三英語備考知識點(diǎn)
我們每個人都能創(chuàng)造奇跡，關(guān)鍵是我們想要的到底是什么，以及為了這個想要的，愿意付出多大的代價(jià)。如果為了你想要的那個東西你愿意付出一切的代價(jià)，那么你將創(chuàng)造下一個奇跡。學(xué)習(xí)也是一樣需要付出的!以下是小編給大家整理的高三英語備考知識點(diǎn)，希望能幫助到你!
高三英語備考知識點(diǎn)1
look up the dictionary
漢語中的“查字典”，說成英語通常是 look up sth in a dictionary 或 consult [refer to] a dictionary。如：
I refer to the dictionary frequently. 我經(jīng)常查閱詞典。
You can look the word up in the dictionary. 你可以在詞典里查這個詞。
He often consulted a dictionary when he read the book. 他讀這本書時(shí)經(jīng)常查字典。
I looked the word up in the dictionary to refresh my memory of its exact meaning. 我查了詞典，以便弄清這個詞的準(zhǔn)確意思。
I often look up the words I don’t know in the dictionary or on the Internet. 我經(jīng)常在字典里或網(wǎng)上查找我不認(rèn)識的單詞。
“Is that the correct spelling?” “I don’t know—look it up in a dictionary.” “那是正確的拼寫嗎?”“我不知道——查查詞典吧?！?/p>
I didn’t know what “l(fā)oquacious” meant and had to look it up in a dictionary. 我不知道loquacious這個是什么意思，所以只好查了詞典。
有不少人認(rèn)為英語習(xí)慣上不能直接說 look up the dictionary, 其實(shí)這種表達(dá)在英語中也可以用，只是比較少見而已。例如：
I spend more time looking up the dictionary than reading the book. 我讀這本書時(shí)查字典的時(shí)間還多些?！?L. G. Alexander 編《新概念英語》(外研社)
Look up the dictionary and explain the meaning of the italicized words. 查字典然后解釋斜體詞的意思?！詮垵h熙編《高級英語》(商務(wù)印書館)
高三英語備考知識點(diǎn)2
虛擬語氣在一些特殊詞中的使用或含蓄條件句
1.wish后的賓語從句。
與現(xiàn)在愿望不一致，用主語十過去時(shí)，例如：
I wi。hIwere you.
與過去愿望不一致，用主語+had+過去分詞，例如：Iwish I had visited the White House whenI was in the States與將來愿望不一致，用主語+would (could)+原形。
2.It's time句型：當(dāng)lt's tine后用that從句時(shí)應(yīng)該為主i吾+should+動詞原形或主語十過去時(shí)，例如：It，s time thatyou went to school.或It's time that you should go to schooL
3- If only引起的感嘆句相當(dāng)于“How I wish+賓語從句”。
(l)If only he could come.他要能來就好了。
(2)If only I had known the answer.我要早知道答案就好了。
4.WOuld rather，as if(though)引導(dǎo)的從句也需使用虛擬語氣，表示過去的情況用過去完成時(shí)，表示現(xiàn)在與將來的情況用過去時(shí)，例如：
(l)I'd rather you posted the letter right away.
(2)She loves the children as if they were hers.
5.含蓄虛擬條件句含蓄條件句是指句中沒有明顯的虛擬條件句，而是利用其他手段來暗示存在虛擬條件。但是這類隱含式虛擬條件句往往都可以轉(zhuǎn)化為if引導(dǎo)的條件句。常用來表示含蓄虛擬條件的手段有：
(1)介詞或介詞短語。如but for，but that，without,in case of, under more favorable condition等。
(2)連詞。如so that, unless, in case, supposing,lest, provided(倘若……)，for fear that(唯恐)，in orderthat, on condition that, if only(要是……就好了)等。
注意：lest, for fear that和in case引起的從句中謂語動詞多用should+動詞原形，但也可以不用虛擬語氣，而用動詞的陳述語氣形式。例如：The foreign teacher spokeslowly in case we misunderstood him這位外籍教師說得很慢以免我們誤解。
(3)通過上下文及內(nèi)在含義，句中往往有but,otherwise, unfortunately等類似轉(zhuǎn)折詞。
without, but. but for, otherwise引起的短語或句子常暗含著含蓄條件。例如：
①Without you,1 would never know him
②But for your oooperation, we wouldn't have done it
③But that she was afraid, she would have said no. .
④i would be most glad to help you, butI am busy now.
⑤I would have come to the party yesterday, but ljwas working.
⑥I am busy now, otherwise l would do you the favor!
高三英語備考知識點(diǎn)3
一、就近一致原則
1.由or，not only...but also...，neither...nor...，either...or...，whether...or...，not...but...等連接兩個或兩個以上的并列主語時(shí)，通常根據(jù)就近一致原則，謂語動詞要與離它最近的主語在數(shù)上保持一致。
Neither his parents nor I am able to persuade him to change his mind.
2.here/there引導(dǎo)一個句子而主語又不止一個時(shí)，通常根據(jù)就近原則，謂語動詞要與離它最近的主語在數(shù)上保持一致。
Here is a ruler，a few pencils and two copybooks.
二、意義一致原則
1.謂語動詞必須用單數(shù)的情況
(1)表示學(xué)科的名詞以及works(工廠)，news(消息)等作主語時(shí)，雖然本身為復(fù)數(shù)形式，但表示單數(shù)意義時(shí)，謂語動詞仍用單數(shù)。
Politics is his favorite subject.
(2)表示某些組織機(jī)構(gòu)的名詞、書/報(bào)名、國名、地名等作主語時(shí)，雖然形式上是復(fù)數(shù)，但所表示的意義是單數(shù)，所以謂語動詞用單數(shù)。
Do you know when the United Nations was set up?
2.謂語動詞必須用復(fù)數(shù)的情況
表示總稱意義的名詞，如people，police，public，cattle等作主語時(shí)，謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)。
The police are searching for the murderer.
3.謂語動詞的形式依據(jù)主語表示的意義而定
(1)集體名詞，如family，class，group，team，club，company，government，population等作主語時(shí)，謂語動詞的形式根據(jù)其在語境中表示的意義而定。當(dāng)其表示集體意義，強(qiáng)調(diào)整體概念時(shí)，謂語動詞用單數(shù);當(dāng)其表示集體中各個組成部分，強(qiáng)調(diào)個體概念時(shí)，謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)。
As far as I know，his family is not very large but the family are all music lovers.
(2)“the+形容詞/分詞”表示“一類人”時(shí)，謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)。
The poor were looked down upon in the old days.
三、語法一致原則
1.由and連接的兩個名詞作主語
(1)“a/the+名詞單數(shù)+and+名詞單數(shù)”表示一個人(雙重身份)，謂語動詞用單數(shù)。
The teacher and poet often gives lectures around the city.
(2)“a/the+名詞單數(shù)+and+a/the+名詞單數(shù)”表示兩個人，謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)。
The teacher and the poet have just arrived.
(3)“every+名詞單數(shù)+and+every+名詞單數(shù)”表示每一個人，謂語動詞用單數(shù)。
Every boy and every girl has the right to receive education in our country.
(4)通常由兩個部件組成的物品如：a knife and fork (一副刀叉)等作主語，謂語動詞用單數(shù)。
Bread and butter is not to his taste.
2.表示時(shí)間、數(shù)量、長度及價(jià)格的名詞，盡管有時(shí)是復(fù)數(shù)形式但常被看作是一個整體，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式。
Is fifty pounds enough?
3.“分?jǐn)?shù)/百分?jǐn)?shù)+of+名詞”作主語時(shí)，謂語動詞的形式根據(jù)of后的名詞的形式來定，如果名詞是可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)，謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式;如果名詞是單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞或不可數(shù)名詞，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式。
Two-thirds of the books are about science.
Only 30% of the work was done yesterday.
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